Shanghai Cooperation Organization ( SCO ) An intergovernmental mutual-security organization which was founded in 2001 by the leaders of China , Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Russia , Tajikistan , Uzbekistan . Except for Uzbekistan , the other countries had been members of the Shanghai Five , founded in 1996; after the inclusion of Uzbekistan in 2001, the members renamed the organization. 4 Observers India Iran Mongolia Pakistan Secretariat Beijing , China (PRC) Working languages Chinese , Russian
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